Ecclesialists emphasize Church as the central transmission of salvation and divine truth with importance towards the authorities and sacraments.

They view salvation as a communal process achieved through participation in life of Church with the ordained clergy providing the spiritual direction.

Protestants reject centralised authority of the church and view faith and scripture alone as the basis of salvation and authority. They emphasize on personal relationship with god rather than focusing institutionalism of the Church.

The view sacraments like baptism and communion as symbols and not grace.

The phrase "the sun is sinking on the West" is a metaphorical statement often used to signify the perceived decline of Western influence, power, and dominance in global affairs. 

It suggests that traditionally dominant Western nations (such as the United States and countries in Europe) are experiencing economic, political, or cultural shifts that reduce their global hegemony.

The Taliban insurgent group had used military force to take over Republic of Afghanistan in August 2021. The international community condemns the institutionalised system of discrimination, segregation, disrespect for human dignity and exclusion of women and girls done by the current regime. 

Almost all of the countries around the world does not recognize them as the entity of government. 

Recently, it was published in the Global Climate Risk Index that Afghanistan are ranked 6th as most effected by climate change and among the least prepared to face it. Last year, Azerbajian as the host nation issued an invite to a delegation from Afghanistan to attend the 29th Climate Conference of Parties (COP).

ESG refers to a set of criteria used to evaluate a company's commitment to sustainable and ethical practices. It is increasingly used by investors, stakeholders, and corporations to assess a company’s impact on the world and its long-term sustainability.

Key Components of ESG:

Environmental: Includes a company's efforts to reduce carbon emissions, manage waste, conserve natural resources, and address climate change.

Social: Covers a company’s relationships with employees, customers, suppliers, and communities.

Governance: Relates to internal policies.

Gotham City is plagued by the Joker's reign of terror, which has resulted in countless innocent lives lost. Despite repeated incarcerations, the Joker always escapes Arkham Asylum and resumes his destructive path, leaving Batman at a moral crossroads.

For years, Batman has adhered to a strict no-kill rule, rooted in his belief that taking a life would compromise his moral integrity and transform him into what he fights against. This principle stems from the trauma of witnessing his parents’ murder, which shaped his vow never to take a life, no matter how justified it may seem.

Beyond his moral code, Batman has cultivated an image as a symbol of justice and restraint, embodying hope in a city rife with corruption and violence. He believes that Gotham's salvation lies not in vengeance but in upholding justice and inspiring others to rise above the darkness. Being symbol not only his city but also to his fellow heroes such as Superman and Wonder Woman.

Monetary policy is a set of actions taken by a country's ‘central bank’ to manage the money supply and interest rates to achieve price stability, limit inflation and unemployment.

Fiscal policy refers to the ‘government's’ use of taxation, spending and revenue to influence the economy to promote economic growth and reduce poverty

In Iran, women face systemic gender-based oppression through laws that severely restrict their rights. Unequal legal standing and discriminatory marriage, divorce, and custody laws limit women's autonomy.

Activists advocating for women’s rights are often imprisoned or harassed, further silencing dissent. In August 2023 alone, Iranian authorities arrested at least 12 women's rights defenders and other peaceful dissidents.

Commercialization of feminist ideals refers to the use of feminist themes, slogans, or imagery in marketing campaigns to promote products or services.

Such as Always’ "Like a Girl" Campaign (2014), Barbie’s "You Can Be Anything" Campaign (2015) and Dove’s "Real Beauty" Campaign (2004)

Nascent democracy refers to a country that is newly formed.

A federal structure has shared power structure between a national government, state governments, and local governments.

A unitary structure's power is held by a central government that gives orders to lower levels of government, which then give orders to the next level down